eVote
Built for Urban Redevelopment Act Art. 44-2 & 45

Cast your association vote right from your phone.

An e-voting system for redevelopment and reconstruction association meetings, designed around Articles 44-2 (online general meetings) and 45 (electronic voting) of the Korean Urban Redevelopment Act.

  • AES-256 PII encryption
  • Hash-chain tamper evidence
  • Tallies locked until closing
9:41●●●
123Item 2 / 3

No.2 Approve the budget

2027 · 12p

For
Against
Abstain

Only one choice. You can change it until you submit.

Next

From identity check to results, on one roll

1

Members

One link to take part

  • Open the personal link sent by SMS
  • Verify identity, read, vote
  • Three text sizes, large touch targets
2

Operators

From roll to meeting

  • Upload the roll, resolve co-owners
  • Paper, proxy and on-site on the same roll
  • Live turnout; tallies after closing
3

Auditors

Proven by records

  • Every action written to the ledger
  • One-click integrity check
  • Results separated by voting method

Every redevelopment decision in one place

Consent forms where consent is needed; votes and meetings where decisions are made.

Member roll

Spreadsheet upload, one vote per co-owned parcel / multi-parcel owner, per-meeting snapshots.

Operator roles

Admin, staff and auditor roles. Every permission change is in the ledger.

E-votingRolling out

For/against, single, multiple and numeric choices; named or secret per item.

Paper, proxy & on-siteRolling out

Register paper ballots, proxies and attendance on the same roll; double voting blocked.

Consent campaignsRolling out

Target members, issue links, e-signatures, consent rate by completed signatures.

Online meetingsRolling out

Live attendance and quorum; e-attendance counted per the bylaws.

eVote at a glance

Members use a mobile web page; operators use the console. No app to install.

Screens below are illustrative samples, not real association data.

9:41●●●

Identity check

Sample Redevelopment Association

Name

김○○

Date of birth

1958 . ○○ . ○○

SMS code

● ● ● ● ● ●
Verify and continue

🔒 TLS · AES-256-GCM

Member

Identity check

Matched against the roll (name, birth date, phone) before the ballot opens.

9:41●●●
가가가

Your agenda

Sample Redevelopment Association

Opencloses 11.28 18:00

No.1 Amend the bylaws

Vote →

Opencloses 11.28 18:00

No.2 Approve the budget

Vote →

Closedcloses 11.14

No.3 Elect a delegate

Results →

Member

Agenda list

Open, upcoming and closed items with deadlines at a glance.

9:41●●●
123Item 2 / 3

No.2 Approve the budget

2027 · 12p

For
Against
Abstain

Only one choice. You can change it until you submit.

Next
Member

Ballot

One large choice; change it any time before submitting.

9:41●●●

Your vote is recorded

Results are published after the vote closes.

Receipt

7f3a-91c2-e4b8-05dd

Current turnout63%
Member

Receipt

A receipt number lets members confirm their vote was counted.

evote.ai.kr/admin

Turnout

Nearest deadline

D-2No.1 Amend the bylaws
No.1 Amend the bylaws58%
No.2 Approve the budget61%
No.3 Elect a delegate55%
🔒 Tallies published after closing

By method

96

Electronic

21

Paper

6

Proxy

0

On-site

Operator

Turnout

Only turnout while voting; tallies are computed after closing.

evote.ai.kr/admin

Roll analysis

248

Rows

231

Parcels

14

Shared

212

Voters

⚠ 2 shared parcels without a representative
가상동 101-2김○○1958-**-**REP
가상동 101-2이○○1961-**-**
가상동 115박○○1949-**-**REP
가상동 120-7최○○1972-**-**REP
Freeze this roll as a snapshot
Operator

Roll analysis

Voter count reflecting co-owners and multi-parcel owners, with warnings.

evote.ai.kr/admin

Quorum

17Until direct-attendance quorum
On-site Counted as direct Supplementary
Bylaw Art. ○ allows e-attendance to count; only verified, live participants were counted.

47

Proxy

21

Paper
Operator

Quorum

Whether e-attendance counts as direct attendance — with the reason in words.

evote.ai.kr/admin

Ledger

✓ OK — 1,284 records chained without a break
#1284Results published

hash a91f…3c02 ← prev 5e7d…b1a9

#1283Voting closed

hash 5e7d…b1a9 ← prev …

#1167Paper ballot recorded

hash 0c4e…77f1 ← prev …

#12Roll snapshot frozen

hash d2b8…19ae ← prev …

Auditor

Integrity check

One click re-verifies every record from the first to the last.

Why eVote

What makes it different

One roll, every decision

Consents, e-voting, paper ballots and online meetings all run on the same member roll.

  • ✓No rebuilding the roll per stage
  • ✓No merging separate paper and e-vote counts

Provable records

Not just results — every action leading to them is kept in tamper-evident form.

  • ✓Hash-chain ledger + DB-level lock
  • ✓Auditors verify it themselves

Automatic voter counting

Co-owner representatives and multi-parcel owners are resolved automatically; judgement calls become warnings.

  • ✓Missing representatives & duplicates detected
  • ✓A person confirms — two-step

Conservative by default

E-attendance that misses a requirement counts only as supplementary. The system never decides on its own.

  • ✓Reasons shown in words
  • ✓Bylaws and counsel come first

Keeps running

A missing setting pauses only that feature, with an explanation. Paper voting is always the safety net.

  • ✓Feature-level graceful degradation
  • ✓Logs with cause and fix

Designed for seniors

Large text, wide buttons, one action per screen. No install — just the link in a text.

  • ✓Three text sizes
  • ✓Korean and English

Security & trust

Secret until closing. Provable at any time.

A meeting holds up when you can produce the records behind it. eVote treats security as structure, not a feature.

#1

prev 0000…00

hash 9c1f…e2

#2

prev 9c1f…e2

hash 4ab7…19

#3

prev 4ab7…19

hash e03d…7c

#4

prev e03d…7c

hash 71f2…a8

Each record contains the hash of the one before it — change one and everything after it breaks.

Hash-chain ledger

Each action embeds the hash of the previous one. Editing or deleting any record shows up immediately.

SHA-256 · append-only

Database-level lock

Triggers reject edits and deletes of the ledger and roll snapshots — even from the admin console.

SQLite trigger

PII encryption

Birth dates and phone numbers are encrypted before storage; screens show masked values; the ledger holds no PII.

AES-256-GCM · HKDF

Blind indexes

Matching people and phone numbers uses keyed hashes, never the plain values.

HMAC-SHA-256

Role-based access

Admin, staff and auditor roles; the last admin cannot be removed. Service staff cannot see ballot choices.

RBAC

Tallies locked until closingRolling out

The server does not release tallies while voting is open — not merely hidden on screen.

server-side gate

Unlinkable secret ballotsRolling out

Who voted and what they chose are stored separately so they cannot be joined.

unlinkable ballots

Access logsRolling out

Identity checks, entries and submissions are logged to support online-meeting requirements.

audit log

Performance

Steady when everyone votes at the deadline

Meeting votes spike right before closing. eVote runs on a serverless edge built for that moment.

15ms

Worker startup

Measured on a real deploy

300+cities

Edge locations

Cloudflare global network

0

Servers to manage

Serverless — scales with traffic

2,000voters

Concurrent-submission target

All members within the final hour, under 3 s — to be load-tested before launch

Measured values and design targets are labelled separately.

Resilient by design, on proven cloud

If a setting is missing, only that feature pauses and explains why — the service keeps running.

Global edge

Runs on Cloudflare Workers and scales automatically when everyone votes at once.

HTTPS everywhere

All traffic is TLS-encrypted; sessions live only in signed, secure cookies.

Atomic writes

Data changes and ledger entries commit or roll back together in one transaction.

Versioned deploys

Every release is a version that can be rolled back instantly.

Self-diagnosing logs

Errors state the cause and where to fix it, so issues are handled remotely.

Paper fallback

If electronic voting is disrupted, parallel paper voting remains the legal safety net.

What the law requires, as the default

Art. 44-2

Online meetings

With identity checks and access logs, online attendees count as attending in person.

Art. 45(6)

Electronic voting

Other methods such as paper stay open, and results are managed separately by method.

Art. 45(9), (11)

Identity checks

Voters must be verified; the method is set by the bylaws.

Art. 45(10)

Direct-attendance quorum

Set the quorum per meeting type and see the remaining count live.

Summaries are for guidance only. Final judgement on meeting validity rests with the bylaws and legal counsel.

Easy enough to do alone

Three text sizes

Normal, large or larger — remembered on the device.

One action per screen

Choose → confirm → submit, with a step indicator.

Nothing to install

Tap the link in the text message and it opens.

Frequently asked questions

Q.Is e-voting legally valid?+

The design reflects the requirements of Art. 44-2 and 45 — identity checks, separating results by method, parallel paper voting. Final judgement on validity rests with the bylaws and legal counsel.

Q.Can results leak during voting?+

Only turnout is shown while voting. Tallies are computed and released by the server only after closing.

Q.Can anyone see how I voted in a secret ballot?+

Participation and choices are stored separately and never linked. You get a receipt number to confirm your vote was counted.

Q.How is personal data protected?+

Birth dates and phone numbers are encrypted with AES-256-GCM and shown masked. The ledger contains no personal data.

Q.How do you prove records were not altered?+

Every action is appended to a hash-chain ledger that the database refuses to edit or delete. The "Verify integrity" button recomputes it from the start at any time.

Q.What about members unfamiliar with phones?+

Large text and a simple flow — and paper voting stays open as the law requires. Paper ballots are registered on the same roll and counted together.

Q.How are co-owners and multi-parcel owners counted?+

One vote per co-owned parcel (its representative) and one vote per person regardless of parcel count, shown in a table for the operator to confirm.

Q.Do members need to install an app?+

No. The link in the text message opens in the phone browser.

Q.What do we need to get started?+

Your next meeting date and agenda, the member roll (spreadsheet) and the bylaw clauses on voting methods and identity checks.

Q.What happens if something fails?+

Only the affected feature pauses and explains why. Paper voting is the legal safety net; decisions like extending a deadline stay with the operator.

Run your next meeting on eVote

Association operators can log in with email and start right away.

Members: please use the personal link sent by your association.